Anne L'Huillier, Pierre Agostini, and Ferenc Krausz Wins the Nobel Prize in Physics 2023
Anne L'Huillier of France, Pierre Agostini of France, and
Ferenc Krausz of Hungary were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics "for
experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of
electron dynamics in matter."
• The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded by the Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
In 1987, Anne L'Huillier and her colleagues did an experiment
of passing an infrared laser
beam through a noble gas that produces overtones.
• Pierre Agostini and his research group in France
successfully created and investigated a pulse train of 250-attosecond light
pulses in 2001.
• Ferenc Krausz and his team in Austria developed a technique
to separate an individual650-attosecond pulse from a pulse train.
• Anne L'Huillier is the fifth woman to receive the Nobel
Prize in Physics
Alexey Ivanovich Ekimov, Louis Eugene Brus, and
Moungi Gabriel Bawendi Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023
Alexei I. Ekimov of Russia, Louis E. Brus of the United States
of America (USA), and Moungi G. Bawendi of France were awarded the 2023 Nobel
Prize in Chemistry "for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots".
• The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded by the Royal
Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
• Alexei Ekimov developed size-dependent quantum effects in
coloured glass.
• Louis Brus was the world's first scientist to prove
size-dependent quantum effects in particles floating freely in a fluid.
• Moungi Bawendi found the production method for the synthesis
of high-quality quantum dots which makes them to be utilised in practical
applications.
• Quantum dots are semiconducting crystals in nanometer size,
their main property is that depending upon their size they change their
colours.
• Quantum dots are used in illuminating computer monitors and
television screens based on Quantum-dot Light-Emitting Diodes(QLED) technology.
Nobel Prize in Economics 2023: Professor Claudia Goldin 3rd Woman to Won the Award
Professor Claudia Goldin of Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, the United States of America (USA) won the 2023 Nobel Economics
Prize, formally known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in
Memory of Alfred Nobel, for her research contributions to the understanding of
women's roles and outcomes in the labour market.
• The Prize in Economic Sciences is awarded by the Royal
Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden, it shares the same principles
as the Nobel Prizes, which have been awarded since 1901.
• Claudia Goldin is the 55th recipient of the Economic Science
Prize since its inception in 1969.
• She is the 3rd woman to receive the award after Elinor
Ostrom (USA) in 2009 and Esther Duflo (French-American) in 2019. She is also
the first woman to win the prize solo.
Note:
In 2009, Elinor Ostrom became the 1st woman to win the
Economics prize. She shared the award with Oliver E Williamson. Esther Duflo
shared the 2019 award with her husband Abhijit Banerjee, and Michael Kremer.
Iran's Narges Mohammadi awarded Nobel Peace Prize 2023
Nobel Peace Prize 2023 was awarded to 51-year-old Narges Mohammadi from Iran "for her fight against the oppression of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all".
With this win, she became the 2nd Iranian woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize after Shirin Ebadi (also the first Muslim woman) who won the award in 2003.
Notably, Narges Mohammadi is currently serving a 10-year, 9-month jail sentence in Evin
Prison in Tehran on various charges, including spreading propaganda against the state.
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